Birth is a physically demanding process for both mother and baby. While most deliveries result in healthy outcomes, injuries can occur when labor is prolonged, difficult, or requires medical intervention. Some birth injuries resolve quickly, while others can lead to long-term medical needs. Understanding the most common birth injuries helps families recognize warning signs early and seek appropriate care. If your child has suffered a birth injury, it is also important to speak with an Oregon birth injury lawyer from Andersen & Linthorst to find out what legal recourse you may have, including filing a birth injury lawsuit.
Brachial Plexus Injuries (Including Erb’s Palsy)
Brachial plexus injuries affect the network of nerves that control movement and sensation in the shoulder, arm, and hand. These injuries often occur during difficult deliveries when a baby’s shoulder becomes lodged behind the mother’s pelvic bone, a complication known as shoulder dystocia. Excessive pulling or improper maneuvering can stretch or tear the nerves.
Symptoms may include weakness in one arm, limited movement, or an arm that hangs limply at the baby’s side. Mild cases may heal within months with physical therapy, but severe nerve damage can result in permanent weakness or paralysis. Early diagnosis and intervention are critical to improving outcomes.
Clavicle (Collarbone) Fractures
Clavicle fractures are among the most frequently reported birth injuries, especially during large-baby deliveries or rapid births. The collarbone may fracture as the baby passes through the birth canal, particularly if the shoulders are difficult to deliver.
Parents may notice swelling near the shoulder, limited arm movement on one side, or a small lump where the bone is healing. Fortunately, newborn clavicle fractures typically heal well within a few weeks, often without long-term complications. Gentle handling and monitoring are usually all that is required.
Cephalohematoma
A cephalohematoma is a collection of blood between the skull bone and its outer covering. It usually appears as a firm, raised bump on the baby’s head hours or days after birth. This injury is commonly associated with prolonged labor or the use of vacuum extractors or forceps.
Unlike generalized head swelling, a cephalohematoma is confined to one area and does not cross skull suture lines. While it often resolves on its own over several weeks, complications can include jaundice or, in rare cases, infection. Most infants recover fully with careful observation and follow-up care.
Intracranial Hemorrhage (Brain Bleeding)
Intracranial hemorrhage is a more serious birth injury involving bleeding within the brain. It is more likely to occur in premature infants or during traumatic deliveries involving significant pressure on the baby’s head. Improper use of delivery instruments or oxygen deprivation can increase the risk.
Symptoms vary depending on severity and may include seizures, breathing difficulties, poor feeding, or abnormal muscle tone. Some mild cases resolve with supportive care, while severe hemorrhages can lead to long-term neurological conditions such as developmental delays or cerebral palsy. Prompt medical evaluation is essential when symptoms appear.
Why Awareness Matters
Birth injuries range from mild and temporary to severe and life-altering. Early recognition allows for timely medical treatment, rehabilitation, and support services that can significantly improve a child’s quality of life. Parents who notice unusual symptoms—such as limited limb movement, persistent swelling, or feeding difficulties—should seek medical evaluation promptly.
Understanding these common birth injuries empowers families to advocate for appropriate care and ensures that infants receive the attention they need during this critical stage of development.
There is also the financial impact that birth injuries can have on families, especially if the injury involves extended medical treatment. The birth injury lawyers atAndersen & Linthorst have extensive experience advocating for families against those responsible for their childrens’ injuries. Call our office to schedule a free consultation and find out how we can help.
